Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Why is nighttime breastfeeding important in the early weeks of lactation?

1. Progesterone levels are highest at night

2. Prolactin levels are highest at night

3. Oxytocin levels are highest at night

4. Insulin levels are highest at night

The correct answer is: Prolactin levels are highest at night

Nighttime breastfeeding is particularly important in the early weeks of lactation primarily because prolactin levels are highest during the night. Prolactin is a hormone crucial for milk production, and its peak during nighttime helps to support and enhance the establishment and maintenance of a mother's milk supply. By breastfeeding at night, mothers stimulate the release of this hormone, which ensures that she is producing adequate milk in response to the infant's needs. Additionally, nighttime feedings have a crucial role in promoting the infant's growth and nutrition, as they encourage the infant to cluster feed and can help regulate the baby's circadian rhythm. The timing of feedings can also influence the hormonal balance related to lactation, ensuring that milk production aligns with the infant's needs. While other hormones like oxytocin play important roles, especially in facilitating the let-down reflex and bonding, the significant peak of prolactin at night specifically addresses the importance of regular breastfeeding sessions during this time for optimal milk supply.