Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Why are medium chain triglycerides added to preterm formula?

1. They enhance metabolism of fats

2. They do not require bile salts for absorption

3. They promote weight gain in all infants

4. They serve as the primary energy source

The correct answer is: They do not require bile salts for absorption

Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are added to preterm formulas primarily because they do not require bile salts for absorption. This characteristic is particularly beneficial for preterm infants who may have immature digestive systems and limited production of bile salts, which are essential for the digestion and absorption of longer chain fatty acids. Since MCTs are absorbed directly from the intestine into the portal circulation, they provide a more readily available source of fatty acids without the need for extensive digestion and emulsification. This ability to be absorbed efficiently supports the nutritional needs of preterm infants, helping them to gain weight and receive essential nutrients despite their underdeveloped gastrointestinal systems. The integration of MCTs into their diet is crucial for their overall growth and development, as it allows for better utilization of fat as a source of energy. While medium chain triglycerides can contribute to promoting weight gain in infants and can serve as an energy source, their specific role in being absorbed without the need for bile salts is the primary reason for their inclusion in preterm formulas.