Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which type of airway device may improve ventilation in infants with congenital anomalies during resuscitation?

1. Endotracheal tube

2. Bag-mask ventilation

3. Laryngeal mask airway

4. Oropharyngeal airway

The correct answer is: Laryngeal mask airway

The laryngeal mask airway is specifically designed to facilitate ventilation in situations where traditional methods may be difficult, particularly in the management of airway issues arising from congenital anomalies. This device creates a seal around the larynx and allows for passive ventilation without the need to visualize the vocal cords. Its positioning is less invasive than endotracheal intubation, making it an ideal choice in infant resuscitation scenarios where rapid and effective airway management is critical. In infants with congenital anomalies, such as those affecting the airway structure, the laryngeal mask airway can often be placed more easily compared to other devices. This characteristic allows for immediate airway access while minimizing trauma to delicate anatomical structures, thereby increasing the chances of successful ventilation without inserting a more invasive tube. Other airway devices like the endotracheal tube may not be suitable in every case, especially in the presence of structural deformities that could complicate intubation. Similarly, bag-mask ventilation can be challenging in this population due to anatomical differences, and the oropharyngeal airway might not provide adequate protection or ventilation in patients with specific congenital anomalies, leading to ineffective resuscitation efforts. Therefore, the laryngeal mask airway stands out as an effective and practical choice