Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which of the following non-invasive supports is primarily used for infants requiring lower levels of respiratory assistance?

1. High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC)

2. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

3. Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV)

4. Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)

The correct answer is: High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC)

High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) is the most appropriate non-invasive support for infants requiring lower levels of respiratory assistance because it delivers oxygen at higher rates than traditional nasal cannula while allowing for a more comfortable and less invasive experience for the infant. HFNC can provide a precise level of oxygen flow and is effective at maintaining adequate oxygenation while reducing the work of breathing. It can also provide a slight positive pressure effect, which is beneficial in preventing airway collapse. This approach is particularly useful for neonates who exhibit mild to moderate respiratory distress, as it supports their breathing without the need for more invasive methods like continuous positive airway pressure or mechanical ventilation. The use of HFNC is becoming increasingly common in neonatal care settings due to its effectiveness and ease of use. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is typically utilized for infants requiring higher levels of respiratory support, as it provides a constant level of pressure to keep the alveoli open and facilitate gas exchange. Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) and Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) are forms of mechanical ventilation that are used when infants need significant respiratory assistance, indicating that they are more critically ill and often unable to initiate breaths effectively on their own