Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which function of amniotic fluid is primarily protective for the fetus?

1. Enhancing fetal movement

2. Allowing variable pressure on the fetus

3. Protecting against mechanical injury

4. Protecting the fetus from infection

The correct answer is: Protecting the fetus from infection

The primary protective function of amniotic fluid for the fetus is to provide a cushioning effect, which helps to prevent mechanical injury. Amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus, creating a buffer that absorbs external forces and minimizes the impact of any physical trauma that may occur to the abdomen of the pregnant individual. This protective layer allows for a more stable environment, promoting the safe development and growth of the fetus. While amniotic fluid does play roles in enhancing fetal movement and could allow for variable pressure on the fetus, these functions are not primarily aimed at providing protection. Additionally, while amniotic fluid can have some antimicrobial properties and contributes to the overall immune defense of the fetus, its main protective characteristic is in preventing mechanical injury. Therefore, the answer indicating the protective function of amniotic fluid against mechanical injury is the most accurate representation of its primary role.