Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which condition poses a risk for prolonged jaundice in neonates?

1. Physical activity

2. Breastfeeding difficulties

3. Excessive weight gain

4. Limitations of sunlight exposure

The correct answer is: Breastfeeding difficulties

Breastfeeding difficulties can lead to prolonged jaundice in neonates due to inadequate intake of breast milk. When a newborn struggles to latch or feed effectively, it can result in dehydration and insufficient caloric intake. This inadequate feeding may cause a lack of sufficient bowel movements needed to excrete bilirubin. Neonates naturally have higher levels of bilirubin shortly after birth due to the breakdown of fetal red blood cells, and when they are not feeding well, this bilirubin can accumulate, leading to prolonged jaundice. In contrast, physical activity does not directly influence jaundice severity in neonates, as they are typically not engaged in significant physical activity. Excessive weight gain is also not a common factor related to jaundice, as it generally pertains to nutritional status rather than bilirubin metabolism. Lastly, while limited sunlight exposure can have some impact on jaundice management because sunlight can help break down bilirubin, it would not directly cause prolonged jaundice if other factors, such as breastfeeding difficulties, are present. Therefore, understanding the implications of breastfeeding challenges is crucial for recognizing and managing prolonged jaundice in newborns.