Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which condition is associated with lower fluid administration rates in neonates?

1. Enterostomies

2. Necrotizing enterocolitis

3. Omphalocele

4. Sepsis

The correct answer is: Necrotizing enterocolitis

Lower fluid administration rates in neonates are often associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) due to the condition's impact on the gastrointestinal system. NEC can lead to a significant risk of bowel necrosis, inflammation, and subsequent intestinal dysfunction. As such, neonates diagnosed with NEC may require careful management of hydration and nutrition. Since NEC can result in decreased intestinal absorption and the risk of fluid overload, clinicians typically adopt a more conservative approach to fluid management. This may involve reducing the volume of fluids administered to prevent worsening of the condition, allowing the intestines time to rest and recover, and minimizing the risk of further complications. In contrast, conditions like enterostomies, omphalocele, and sepsis might not necessitate the same restrictive approach to fluid administration. Enterostomies might require specific fluid management dependent on output and ongoing losses, omphalocele management often accounts for fluid needs based on surgical repair and overall condition, and sepsis can lead to increased fluid requirements to support cardiovascular status and maintain perfusion in the neonate.