Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which characteristic is common to both omphalocele and gastroschisis?

1. High incidence of congenital malformations

2. Nonrotation of the intestine

3. Peritoneal sac covering the defect

4. Surgical repair requirement

The correct answer is: Nonrotation of the intestine

The characteristic that is common to both omphalocele and gastroschisis is the requirement for surgical repair. Both conditions present with abdominal wall defects, where abdominal contents are herniated outside of the body. In omphalocele, the organs are covered by a peritoneal sac and generally involve a higher incidence of associated congenital malformations. Gastroschisis, on the other hand, features exposed bowel without a protective membrane, but both conditions necessitate surgical intervention to return the abdominal contents to the abdomen and repair the defect. Understanding that surgical repair is a critical aspect for both conditions highlights the importance of prompt assessment and management in affected neonates, as both present significant risks for complications such as bowel ischemia or infection if left unaddressed.