Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

What is a key advantage of non-invasive respiratory supports like CPAP and HFNC?

1. Minimal intervention and reduced risk of complications

2. Higher rates of successful intubation

3. Immediate and complete control of the infant’s breathing

4. Lower need for supplemental oxygen

The correct answer is: Minimal intervention and reduced risk of complications

Non-invasive respiratory supports such as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) offer a significant advantage in that they provide minimal intervention and reduce the risk of complications associated with more invasive procedures. These methods allow for the delivery of positive pressure to keep the alveoli open and improve oxygenation without requiring intubation. The use of non-invasive strategies can prevent the associated risks of mechanical ventilation, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, airway injury, or long-term pulmonary complications. Additionally, by avoiding intubation, non-invasive supports help maintain the infant’s natural airway reflexes and avoid sedation, which can further contribute to a safer overall treatment approach. In contrast, approaches like intubation involve greater intervention and are more likely to lead to complications. High intubation rates can indicate a failure or inadequacy of non-invasive support, and immediate control of breathing often requires invasive measures that may not be necessary with effective non-invasive methods. Addressing supplemental oxygen needs is also an important aspect but does not directly represent the unique advantage provided by non-invasive options. Thus, emphasizing the minimal intervention required with CPAP and HFNC aligns with their primary benefit in clinical practice.